TPT Torus

A unified, cross-platform, high-performance asynchronous I/O framework for Rust.

TPT Torus abstracts OS-specific I/O multiplexing (Linux io_uring, Windows IOCP, macOS/BSD kqueue) behind a single, memory-safe, zero-cost API — the Virtual Torus. Application code is written once against a consistent ring-buffer paradigm (Flow for submission, Result for completion) and runs natively on every supported OS.

For ultra-low latency requirements, TPT Torus also provides a Hardware Bypass layer that integrates SPDK (NVMe), DPDK (networking), and GPU-Direct (DMA orchestration) for direct user-space hardware access.

Status

Phase 4 complete — all core features implemented. See todo.md for detailed progress.

42 tests passing across 7 crates
Zero-cost abstraction verified via benchmarks (~700ps Flow creation, ~235ps Result inspection)
Cross-platform: Linux (io_uring), Windows (IOCP), macOS/BSD (kqueue)

Quick Start

use tpt_torus_core::flow::Flow;
use tpt_torus_core::operation::Operation;
use tpt_torus_core::Torus;
use tpt_torus_backend_uring::UringBackend;

// Create a Torus instance with an io_uring backend (Linux)
let backend = UringBackend::new(256)?;
let torus = Torus::new(256, Box::new(backend))?;

// Submit a read operation
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 4096];
let flow = Flow::new(Operation::Read {
    fd: file_fd,       // raw fd from open() or AsRawFd
    buf: buf.as_mut_ptr(),
    len: 4096,
    offset: 0,
});
torus.submit(&flow)?;

// Wait for completion
torus.wait(1_000_000)?;
let mut results = Vec::new();
torus.reap(&mut results)?;

Architecture

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                 Application Layer                       │
│  (TorusAsync / Flow / Result / C++ Coroutines)         │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│              Safe API Layer                             │
│  (Buffer Leasing / Torus Panic / Resource Limiting)    │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│              Hardware Bypass Layer                      │
│  (SPDK / DPDK / GPU-Direct)                            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│           Virtual Torus (Core Abstraction)              │
│  (SubmissionRing / CompletionRing / Torus Handle)      │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│     Native Backends (io_uring / IOCP / kqueue)          │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Crates

Crate	Description
`tpt-torus-sys`	Raw, unsafe FFI bindings to io_uring, IOCP, and kqueue
`tpt-torus-core`	Virtual Torus abstraction, Safe API, async/await wrappers
`tpt-torus-backend-uring`	Linux io_uring engine with mmap-based kernel shared memory
`tpt-torus-backend-iocp`	Windows IOCP engine with background reactor thread
`tpt-torus-backend-kqueue`	macOS/BSD kqueue engine with event-driven reactor
`tpt-torus-cxx`	C FFI layer and C++20 coroutine header
`tpt-torus-hw`	Hardware Bypass: SPDK, DPDK, and GPU-Direct integration

Features

Cross-Platform I/O

Write once, run everywhere. The same Flow/Result API works on all platforms:

// This code works on Linux, Windows, and macOS
let flow = Flow::new(Operation::Read { fd, buf, len, offset });
torus.submit(&flow)?;

Safe API (Buffer Leasing)

Memory safety is enforced at the framework level:

use tpt_torus_core::lease::LeaseRegistry;

let registry = LeaseRegistry::new();
unsafe {
    // Register buffer regions
    registry.register_mut(buf.as_mut_ptr(), buf.len())?;

    // Buffers are automatically tracked during I/O
    // Torus Panic triggers if safety is violated
}

Raw API (Opt-Out)

For advanced use cases, bypass safety checks explicitly:

unsafe {
    let raw = torus.raw();
    raw.submit_read(fd, buf_ptr, len, offset)?;
}

C++20 Coroutines

Modern C++ with coroutine support:

#include "torus.hpp"

torus::Torus torus(256);
auto result = co_await torus.read(fd, buf, len, 0);
if (result.ok()) {
    std::cout << "Read " << result.bytes() << " bytes\n";
}

Hardware Bypass

Direct hardware access for ultra-low latency:

use tpt_torus_hw::gpu_direct::GpuDirect;

let mut gd = GpuDirect::new(0, 4)?; // GPU device 0, 4 DMA engines
let gpu_buf = GpuBuffer::new(0, dev_ptr, size);

// NVMe → GPU VRAM (bypasses system RAM)
gd.nvme_to_gpu(lba, &gpu_buf, 0, len)?;
gd.sync_all()?;

Benchmarks

Verified zero-cost abstraction:

Operation	Time
Flow creation	~700 ps
Result inspection	~235 ps
Ring publish (atomic)	~4 ns
Ring available check	~620 ps
Lease verify	~15 ns
Resource limiter check	~0.5 ns

Run benchmarks: cargo bench -p tpt-torus-core

Security

Buffer Leasing: All memory regions must be registered before use
Torus Panic: Safe abort on lease violations (prevents kernel corruption)
Cgroup Limiting: Automatic resource caps based on container quotas
Fail-Safe Defaults: Safety features enabled by default, unsafe required to opt out

See SECURITY.md for the full threat model.

Building

# Build everything
cargo build --workspace

# Run tests
cargo test --workspace

# Run benchmarks
cargo bench -p tpt-torus-core

# Check formatting and lints
cargo fmt --all -- --check
cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets -- -D warnings

Feature Flags

For tpt-torus-hw:

cargo build -p tpt-torus-hw --features spdk      # SPDK integration
cargo build -p tpt-torus-hw --features dpdk      # DPDK integration
cargo build -p tpt-torus-hw --features gpu_direct # GPU-Direct

Platform Support

Platform	Backend	Status
Linux	io_uring	Full support
Windows	IOCP	Full support
macOS/BSD	kqueue	Full support
Linux + SPDK	SPDK	API ready (requires SPDK)
Linux + DPDK	DPDK	API ready (requires DPDK)
Linux + CUDA	GPU-Direct	API ready (requires CUDA)

License

Licensed under either of MIT or Apache License, Version 2.0 at your option.

tpt-torus

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